2 lines
30 KiB
JSON
2 lines
30 KiB
JSON
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中线","name3":"","name4":"","txt":"为<color=red>通过椎骨棘突</color>或沿脊柱正中下行的垂直线。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音18","obj":"椎骨棘突","state":"HouZhengZhongXian","score_kh":"","score_sx":"0.5","type":"基础操作"},{"id":19,"name1":"解剖区域","name2":"（左、右）肩胛上区","name3":"","name4":"","txt":"为<color=red>肩胛冈以上</color>的区域，其<color=red>外上界为斜方肌的上缘</color>。相当于两肺上叶肺尖的下部。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音19","obj":"肩胛冈以上的区域","state":"JianJiaShangQu","score_kh":"1","score_sx":"0.5","type":"基础操作"},{"id":20,"name1":"解剖区域","name2":"（左、右）肩胛下区","name3":"","name4":"","txt":"为<color=red>两肩胛下角的连线</color>与<color=red>第12胸椎水平线</color>之间的区域。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音20","obj":"两肩胛下角的连线与第12胸椎水平线之间区域","state":"JianJiaXiaQu","score_kh":"1","score_sx":"0.5","type":"基础操作"},{"id":21,"name1":"解剖区域","name2":"（左、右）肩胛间区","name3":"","name4":"","txt":"为<color=red>两肩胛骨内缘之间</color>的区域。后正中线将此区分为左右两部。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音21","obj":"两肩胛骨内缘之间的区域","state":"JianJiaQuJian","score_kh":"2","score_sx":"0.5","type":"基础操作"},{"id":22,"name1":"肺功能动画","name2":"","name3":"","name4":"","txt":"","sound":"","obj":"","state":"FeiGongNengDongHua","score_kh":"","score_sx":"","type":""},{"id":23,"name1":"心功能动画","name2":"","name3":"","name4":"","txt":"","sound":"","obj":"","state":"XinGongNengDongHua","score_kh":"","score_sx":"","type":""},{"id":24,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"正常呼吸音","name3":"气管呼吸音","name4":"","txt":"机制、特点：是空气进出气管所发出的声音，粗糙、响亮且高调，<color=red>吸气与呼气相几乎相等</color>。听诊位置：于<color=red>胸外气管上面</color>可听及。","sound":"","obj":"气管听诊器位置1","state":"QiGuanHuXiYin","score_kh":"","score_sx":"2","type":"技能重点"},{"id":25,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"正常呼吸音","name3":"支气管呼吸音","name4":"","txt":"机制、特点：为吸入的空气在声门、气管或主支气管形成湍流所产生的声音，颇似抬舌后经口腔呼气时所发出“ha”的音响，该呼吸音强而高调。<color=red>吸气相较呼气相短</color>。听诊位置：<color=red>喉部、胸骨上窝、背部第6、7颈椎、第1、2胸椎</color>附近。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音22","obj":"支气管听诊器位置1","state":"ZhiQiGuanHuXiYin","score_kh":"5","score_sx":"2","type":"临床思维"},{"id":26,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"正常呼吸音","name3":"支气管肺泡呼吸音","name4":"","txt":"机制、特点：为兼有支气管呼吸音和肺泡呼吸音特点的混合性呼吸音。其吸气音的性质与正常肺泡呼吸音相似，但音调较高且较响亮。其呼气音的性质则与支气管呼吸音相似，但强度稍弱，音调稍低，管样性质少些和呼气相短些，在吸气和呼气之间有极短暂的间隙。支气管肺泡呼吸音的<color=red>吸气相与呼气相大致相同</color>。听诊位置：<color=red>胸骨两侧第1、2肋间隙，肩胛间区第3、4胸椎水平，肺尖前后部</color>。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音23","obj":"支气管肺泡听诊器位置1|支气管肺泡听诊器位置2|支气管肺泡听诊器位置3|支气管肺泡听诊器位置4","state":"ZhiQiGuanFeiPaoHuXiYin","score_kh":"5","score_sx":"2","type":"临床思维"},{"id":27,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"正常呼吸音","name3":"肺泡呼吸音","name4":"","txt":"机制、特点：是由于空气在细支气管和肺泡内进出移动的结果。吸气时气流经支气管进入肺泡，冲击肺泡壁，使肺泡由松弛变为紧张，呼气时肺泡由紧张变为松弛，这种肺泡弹性的变化和气流的振动是肺泡呼吸音形成的主要因素。<color=red>吸气时音响较强，音调较高，时相较长；呼气时音响较弱，音调较低，时相较短</color>。听诊位置：在大部分肺野均可听及，<color=red>乳房下部</color>及<color=red>肩胛下部最强</color>，其次为<color=red>腋窝下部</color>，<color=red>肺尖</color>及<color=red>肺下缘区域</color>则<color=red>较弱</color>。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音24","obj":"肺泡听诊器位置1|肺泡听诊器位置2","state":"FeiPaoHuXiYin","score_kh":"5","score_sx":"2","type":"临床思维"},{"id":28,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"异常呼吸音","name3":"异常肺泡呼吸音","name4":"肺泡呼吸音减弱或消失","txt":"可在局部，单侧或双肺出现。与肺泡内的空气流量减少或进入肺内的空气流速减慢及呼吸音传导障碍有关。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音25","obj":"肺泡听诊器位置1|肺泡听诊器位置2","state":"FeiPaoHuXiYinJianRuoHuoXiaoShi","score_kh":"5","score_sx":"1","type":"临床思维"},{"id":29,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"异常呼吸音","name3":"异常肺泡呼吸音","name4":"肺泡呼吸音增强","txt":"双侧肺泡呼吸音增强，与呼吸运动及通气功能增强，使进入肺泡的空气流量增多或进入肺内的空气流速加快有关。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音26","obj":"肺泡听诊器位置1|肺泡听诊器位置2","state":"FeiPaoHuXiYinZengQiang","score_kh":"","score_sx":"1","type":"技能重点"},{"id":30,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"异常呼吸音","name3":"异常肺泡呼吸音","name4":"呼吸音延长","txt":"因<color=red>下呼吸道部分阻塞、痉挛或狭窄，如支气管炎、支气管哮喘</color>等，导致呼气的阻力增加，或由于肺组织弹性减退，使呼气的驱动力减弱。","sound":"","obj":"肺泡听诊器位置1|肺泡听诊器位置2","state":"HuXiYinYanChang","score_kh":"","score_sx":"2","type":"技能重点"},{"id":31,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"异常呼吸音","name3":"异常肺泡呼吸音","name4":"断续性呼吸音","txt":"肺内局部性炎症或支气管狭窄，使空气不能均匀地进入肺泡，可引起断续性呼吸音，因伴短促的不规则间歇。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音27","obj":"肺泡听诊器位置1|肺泡听诊器位置2","state":"DuanXuXingHuXiYin","score_kh":"","score_sx":"2","type":"技能重点"},{"id":32,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"异常呼吸音","name3":"异常肺泡呼吸音","name4":"粗糙性呼吸音","txt":"为支气管黏膜轻度水肿或炎症浸润造成不光滑或狭窄，使气流进出不畅所形成的粗糙呼吸音。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音28","obj":"肺泡听诊器位置1|肺泡听诊器位置2","state":"CuCaoXingHuXiYin","score_kh":"","score_sx":"2","type":"技能重点"},{"id":33,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"异常呼吸音","name3":"异常支气管呼吸音","name4":"","txt":"在<color=red>正常肺泡呼吸音听诊位置</color>听到<color=red>支气管呼吸音</color>。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音29","obj":"肺泡听诊器位置1|肺泡听诊器位置2","state":"YiChangZhiQiGuanHuXiYin","score_kh":"","score_sx":"1","type":"技能重点"},{"id":34,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"异常呼吸音","name3":"异常支气管肺泡呼吸音","name4":"","txt":"在<color=red>正常肺泡呼吸音听诊位置</color>听到<color=red>支气管肺泡呼吸音</color>。","sound":"XinFeiTingZhen/Sounds/配音30","obj":"肺泡听诊器位置1|肺泡听诊器位置2","state":"YiChangZhiQiGuanFeiPaoHuXiYin","score_kh":"","score_sx":"1","type":"技能重点"},{"id":0,"name1":"肺部听诊","name2":"异常呼吸音","name3":"啰音","name4":"干啰音","txt":"","sound":"","obj":"","state":"GanLuoYin","score_kh":"5","score_sx":"5","type":"临床思维"},{"id":35,"na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